In the case of a diesel engine, fuel is supplied through hot compressed air in the combustion chamber. The time available for the combustion of fuel when the piston is very short. During this period the liquid fuel has to absorb heat for evaporation and find air for combustion. To meet these requirements, the fuel has to be atomized form into fine particles so that the heat-absorbing area is increased form immediate evaporation. To spray fuel in atomized form into the hot compressed air requires special equipment. A fuel injection system in a diesel engine has to satisfy some following fundamental requirements. Main requirement is to spray the correct quantity of fuel as required, depending on load. Some of the requirements are such as to inject the fuel at the correct time in the cycle and also to inject the quantity of fuel at such rate that constant pressure combustion is obtained.
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